Tom Bednar

Subscribe to Tom Bednar's Posts
Contact:Read more about Tom Bednar

For more insights and analysis from Cleary lawyers on policy and regulatory developments from a legal perspective, visit What to Expect From a Second Trump Administration.

The new administration has recently taken steps to reduce or even eliminate the role of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) in the supervision of certain financial institutions and the enforcement of federal consumer protection statutes.  While these actions represent a significant departure from the prior administration’s approach to consumer protection, and while a less active CFPB will likely reduce the federal regulatory burden on entities that have been subject to CFPB supervision, consumer financial protection enforcement is not likely to disappear. Instead, it will likely shift to state attorneys general (AG), which had already been active, along with the CFPB, in consumer protection.  This means entities that provide products or services in the consumer finance space will need to continue to be attentive to federal consumer protection statutes (such as the Consumer Financial Protection Act) that can be enforced by states, to state consumer protection statutes, and to state AG inquiries.Continue Reading Consumer Protection Compliance Remains Crucial in Spite of CFPB Work Stoppage

The following is part of our annual publication Selected Issues for Boards of Directors in 2025. Explore all topics or download the PDF.

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Department of Justice (DOJ) both had active enforcement years in 2024. The SEC’s aggressive focus on crypto enforcement continued, resulting in the filing and continued litigation of several cases in federal courts nationwide. The DOJ announced a number of policy updates in 2024, including guidance related to voluntary disclosures and corporate enforcement, and remained active in the foreign corruption and national security spaces. Finally, both the SEC and DOJ have increased their focus on AI and new technologies, showing increasing concern about the risks associated with AI, with the DOJ issuing guidance on AI in compliance programs and the SEC bringing cases related to misleading marketing about the use of AI in investment strategies. As noted more fully below, with the incoming Trump Administration, enforcement priorities at both SEC and DOJ are expected to shift. The SEC is expected to have a renewed focus on traditional enforcement areas, such as accounting fraud, misrepresentations in securities offerings and insider trading, with significant reductions in enforcement activity related to crypto, cyber incidents and ESG issues. The DOJ is likely to continue its focus on FCPA and national security (including sanctions and export controls), while devoting increasing resources to immigration and violent crime. Additionally, the benefits of cooperation are likely to increase at both the SEC and DOJ, with the potential for reduced penalties for companies able to effectively demonstrate their cooperation and self-remediation.Continue Reading An Active Year in Enforcement, with Changes to Come

On November 22, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced its enforcement results for the 2024 fiscal year with a record $8.2 billion in financial remedies.[1]  At the same time, a few cases and sweeps comprised the vast bulk of that amount, and the number of cases brought dropped by 26%.  In a press release announcing the results, Acting Enforcement Director Sanjay Wadhwa touted the agency’s “high impact enforcement actions” and noted “stepped up efforts” by market participants to self-report their own potential wrongdoing, cooperate in SEC investigations, and remediate any shortcomings.  Chair Gary Gensler, who recently announced he will step down at the start of the next Trump presidency, described the Enforcement Division as a “steadfast cop on the beat.”  Set forth below are key highlights on enforcement trends from the past year, as well as predictions for what the next year may hold under a new administration.Continue Reading SEC FY 2024 Enforcement Results: Record Dollars But Many Fewer Cases

On October 22, 2024, the SEC announced settled enforcement actions charging four companies with making materially misleading disclosures regarding cybersecurity risks and intrusions. These cases mark the first to bring charges against companies who were downstream victims of the well-known cyber-attack on software company SolarWinds. The four companies were providers of IT services and digital communications products and settled the charges for amounts ranging from $990,000 to $4 million.Continue Reading SEC Charges Four Companies Impacted by Data Breach with Misleading Cyber Disclosures

In the past few weeks, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has announced three settled enforcement actions alleging violations of the internal controls provisions of the federal securities laws.  The cases are notable less for the SEC penalties involved—which ranged from no penalty to $400,000—but rather for the other, more dire consequences the companies experienced as a result of internal controls failures, such as financial restatements, delayed SEC filings that led to an exchange delisting, and serious employee misconduct that went unchecked.  The cases underscore the importance of establishing and maintaining effective systems of internal control over financial reporting. Continue Reading Trio of SEC Enforcement Actions Underscores Importance of Internal Controls, Including in M&A Context

On November 14, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced its enforcement results for the 2023 fiscal year,[1] with case numbers up from fiscal year 2022 and monetary sanctions at the second highest level in the agency’s history, though down significantly from last year’s record highs.  In a press release announcing the results, Enforcement Director Gurbir Grewal noted that the past year’s cases demonstrate how the agency “work[s] with a sense of urgency, using all the tools in our toolkit.”  This post evaluates how the SEC used its enforcement tools in the past year and surveys the enforcement highlights in key substantive areas.Continue Reading SEC Announces FY 2023 Enforcement Results with Second-Highest Penalties on Record

On September 25, 2023, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced settled cease-and-desist charges against GTT Communications, Inc. (“GTT”), a formerly publicly-traded multinational telecommunications and internet service provider company.  The SEC charged GTT with failing to disclose material information regarding unsupported accounting adjustments, which caused the company’s statements to be misleading with respect to its cost of revenue.  Continue Reading SEC No-Penalty Settlement Signals Heightened Focus on Self-Reporting and Cooperation

On March 1, 2023, the U.S. Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission announced insider trading charges against Terren Peizer, the CEO and Chairman of a California-based healthcare services company called Ontrak, Inc. (the “Company”) for allegedly selling Company securities while in possession of material, non-public information (“MNPI”) that one of the Company’s major customers was likely to cancel its contract. Continue Reading DOJ and SEC Charge Healthcare Executive With Insider Trading Through a Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan, Marking DOJ’s First Such Indictment

On December 29, 2022, in a closely-watched insider trading case, the Second Circuit decided United States v. Blaszczak (“Blaszczak II”).[1]  The Supreme Court in January 2021 had vacated and remanded the Second Circuit’s prior decision in light of Kelly v. United States (also known as the “Bridgegate” decision).  On remand, a divided panel of the Second Circuit found that trading on the basis of certain confidential government information related to pending regulation does not give rise to violations of the criminal wire fraud and securities fraud statutes.Continue Reading Second Circuit Decision Limits the Ability to Prosecute Instances of Trading on Confidential Government Information

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission recently announced the Division of Enforcement’s results for fiscal year 2022, the first full year for the Division under the leadership of both Chair Gary Gensler and Director of Enforcement Gurbir Grewal.

Results were up from the year before, with a record $4.2 billion in civil penalties reflecting the…